Retirement Savings: I Lost $400K in a Roth IRA (2024)

Retirement Savings: I Lost $400K in a Roth IRA (1)

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Finance and retirement planning experts are usually quick to recommend that one set money aside in a Roth account. And it looks like the vast majority of Americans agree with them.

A new survey hosted by Derek Sall, a personal finance expert and the founder of LifeAndMyFinances, found that 92% of Americans think they should be investing in a Roth IRA. Sall wasn’t surprised by just how many people are of the belief that Roths are a financial must-have.

“I estimated that 95% of people would say they should invest in a Roth — I wasn’t too far off!” Sall told GOBankingRates. “But why? Why did I think the percentage would be so high? Simple. It’s what I’ve heard all my life — from every smart investor, from every influencer. Even Dave Ramsey himself tells his millions of listeners to invest in a Roth. ‘It’s tax-free growth,’ they say. ‘You’ll have tax-free money in retirement,’ is another common one, [and] ‘taxes will likely go up in the future, so it’s smart to invest in a Roth now.'”

It all sounds so wise and the insight comes from wise people in the realm of personal finance. But in Sall’s opinion, this is horrible advice. Speaking to his own personal experience, he estimated a $400,000 loss of retirement income by having invested in a Roth IRA versus a traditional 401(k). What exactly did he discover?

The Tax Rate You Have Now Likely Won’t Be the Same in Retirement

The root of the problem, as Sall sees it, is that people assume that if they’re paying 22% tax on the money that’s going toward a Roth today, they’ll likely owe at least 22% tax on other income in retirement. But that’s perhaps not how it will pan out.

Are You Retirement Ready?

“You’re way more likely to have a lower income in retirement than you have today, so you’ll likely be in a lower tax bracket in the future,” Sall said. “You can see this from current retirees. Instead of earning a household income of $70,784 (the median household income), they’re earning just $47,620. After the standard deduction, they only owe $1,992 in taxes each year, which is a 4.2% effective tax rate. You’re paying 22% tax today to save 4.2% in retirement. No thanks.”

What You Can Save in Taxes Today Is Not Equal to the Taxes You Can Save in the Future

The second reason a Roth IRA isn’t the right choice for most Americans is a bit trickier to comprehend, but it comes down to the fact that the amount you can save in taxes today (by investing in a traditional IRA) is not apples to apples when compared to the taxes you can save in the future (by investing in a Roth today).

“It comes down to the marginal tax rate vs. the effective tax rate,” Sall said. “The effective tax rate is the average tax you pay. So with our laddered tax system, you pay 10% on some income, 12% on the next step and then perhaps 22% if you make enough, and so on. If you earn $122,000 in a year, you’ll have an effective tax rate of 9.8%. You pay $11,980, which is 9.8% of your income of $122,000.”

But wait, there’s more. Take a deep breath, because it gets pretty complex.

“The marginal tax rate is the tax rate of the bracket you’re in. So at a $122,000 income, you’re in the 22% tax bracket, so your marginal tax rate is 22%,” Sall explained.

Are You Retirement Ready?

“If you put your money in a traditional IRA, you’re deferring the marginal tax rate (the upper tier tax bracket) so you can pay the effective tax rate (the average rate) in retirement. In other words, you’re saving yourself 22% in taxes today if you agree to pay a 9.8% tax in retirement (assuming the same income and same tax rates). Ummm … yeah, I’ll defer taxes! But if you invest in a Roth, that means you’re paying 22% tax today so you can save 9.8% in retirement. No thanks. Bad deal!”

How To Figure Out Whether a Roth Is Right for You

One could go on and on about the complexities that make investing in a Roth IRA a poor financial choice for so many Americans. But there are situations wherein doing so could be a smart choice. To simplify the question of whether or not you should opt for a Roth, use this free Roth calculator.

“Chances are, [you] should avoid the Roth,” Sall said. “But if [you’re] young, contribute a ton to retirement and plan to produce a huge income in later years, then a Roth may still be for [you].”

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Retirement Savings: I Lost $400K in a Roth IRA (2024)

FAQs

What happens if you lose money in Roth IRA? ›

The Internal Revenue Service does not permit you to deduct losses from your Roth IRA on a year-to-year basis, so the only way to deduct your losses is to close your Roth IRA accounts.

Is my money safe in a Roth IRA? ›

A Roth IRA can lose money like any investment. Losses may result from poor investment selection, market volatility, early withdrawals and investment fees.

What does Suze Orman say about Roth IRA? ›

Orman explained that you should make it a priority to fund your Roth IRA to the maximum allowable amount. “I hope you will make it a goal to save up to your 2024 limit,” she wrote. “And you know that I think it's smart to save in a Roth IRA because when you retire, all your withdrawals will be 100% tax-free.”

Is Roth IRA enough to save for retirement? ›

Even if you contribute the maximum amount to your Roth IRA every year and are incredibly disciplined in doing so over time, your contributions alone will not be enough to build that retirement nest egg. That's why compounding is so important.

How much do I get penalized for taking money out of my Roth IRA? ›

The early withdrawal penalty for a traditional or Roth individual retirement account is 10% of the amount withdrawn. Keep in mind that you may also owe income tax in addition to the penalty.

What happens if you exceed the Roth IRA income limit? ›

The IRS puts annual income limits on a Roth IRA. When you exceed that limit, the IRS generally charges a 6% tax penalty for each year the excess contributions remain in your account. This is triggered at the time you file each year's taxes, giving you until that deadline to remove or recharacterize the misplaced funds.

What is one negative to a Roth IRA? ›

One disadvantage of the Roth IRA is that you can't contribute to one if you make too much money. The limits are based on your modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) and tax filing status.

Is my Roth IRA FDIC insured? ›

Bottom Line. If you hold your IRA or Roth IRA with an FDIC-insured depository bank, and if that account holds qualified depository assets, it will receive FDIC coverage.

What is the 4% rule for Roth IRA? ›

The 4% rule for retirement budgeting suggests that a retiree withdraw 4% of the balance in their retirement accounts in the first year after retiring and then withdraw the same dollar amount, adjusted for inflation, every year thereafter.

What does Dave Ramsey say about Roth IRA? ›

While a traditional IRA offers upfront tax advantages that a Roth IRA doesn't, by the time you actually retire, you'll likely be happier if you have a Roth, according to popular financial personality Dave Ramsey.

What is the 4% rule for Roth? ›

The 4% rule limits annual withdrawals from your retirement accounts to 4% of the total balance in your first year of retirement. That means if you retire with $1 million saved, you'd take out $40,000. According to the rule, this amount is safe enough that you won't risk running out of money during a 30-year retirement.

How much will a Roth IRA grow in 10 years? ›

Let's say you open a Roth IRA and contribute the maximum amount each year. If the base contribution limit remains at $7,000 per year, you'd amass over $100,000 (assuming a 8.77% annual growth rate) after 10 years. After 30 years, you would accumulate over $900,000.

How much will a Roth IRA grow in 20 years? ›

If you contribute 5,000 dollars per year to a Roth IRA and earn an average annual return of 10 percent, your account balance will be worth a figure in the region of 250,000 dollars after 20 years.

How much do I need in my Roth IRA to retire? ›

Many experts maintain that retirement income should be about 80% of a couple's final pre-retirement annual earnings. Fidelity Investments recommends that you should save 10 times your annual income by age 67.

Should I be worried if my Roth IRA is losing money? ›

It is possible to lose money in a Roth IRA depending on the investments chosen. Roth IRAs are not 100% safe, but they offer the potential for growth over time. Market fluctuations and early withdrawal penalties can cause a Roth IRA to lose money.

Will my Roth IRA grow if I don't invest? ›

Roth IRAs grow through compounding, even during years when you can't make a contribution. There are no required minimum distributions (RMDs), so you can leave your money alone to keep growing if you don't need it.

Should I be aggressive with my Roth IRA? ›

A Roth IRA should be as aggressive as you are willing and capable of doing. One advantage of IRAs over 401k plans is that, while most 401k plans have limited investment options, IRAs offer the opportunity to put your money in many types of stocks and other investments.

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